[90] The child sex ratio increased from 896 in 2001 to 909 in 2011. [72] Shimla, the state's capital, is home to Asia's only natural ice-skating rink. One is the Kalka-Shimla Railway, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and another is the Pathankot-Jogindernagar line. Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys with many perennial rivers flowing through them. The climate varies across the state with the altitude. A total of 1,882 health workers were vaccinated on Tuesday in 34 sessions across the state. Himachal Pradesh is the largest state in the Indian Himalayan Region with diverse biodiversity and climate varying from tropic (Shiwalik Region) to semi arctic conditions prevailing in the Spiti and Pangi Valley. If you have visited any of these places, we would like to know what about it appealed to you the most. The temperature varies from 0 … [123] Himachal Pradesh is an exception to the nationwide gender bias in education levels. Monsoon lasts from July to September. Himachal Pradesh is located in the Northern region of India. [57] Land husbandry initiatives such as the Mid-Himalayan Watershed Development Project, which includes the Himachal Pradesh Reforestation Project (HPRP), the world's largest clean development mechanism (CDM) undertaking, have improved agricultural yields and productivity, and raised rural household incomes. The State of Bilaspur was merged into Himachal Pradesh on 1 July 1954 by the Himachal Pradesh and Bilaspur (New State) Act, 1954. There is great diversification in the climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh due to variation in elevation. [111][112] The former has served six terms as the Chief Minister of the state while the latter is a two-time Chief Minister. During the first six five-year plans, most of the development expenditure in education sector was utilised in quantitative expansion, but after the seventh five-year-plan the state government switched emphasis on qualitative improvement and modernisation of education. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. [15], Himachal is in the western Himalayas. Governments in Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Kerala have reported cases on bird flu till now, Minister of State (MoS) for Agriculture and Food Processing, Sanjeev Balyan said on Wednesday. The climate varies from hot and subhumid tropical in the southern tracts to, with more elevation, cold, alpine, and glacial in the northern and eastern mountain ranges. Among these were the states of Kangra, Jaswan, Datarpur, Guler, Rajgarh, Nurpur, Chamba, Suket, Mandi, and Bilaspur. The average maximum temperature hovers around 35°C, and the minimum temperature is around 28°C. [80][81][82], Roads are the major mode of transport in the hilly terrains. [55], Agriculture accounts for 9.4% of the net state domestic product. De, Anuradha & Khera, Reetika & Samson, Meera & Shiva Kumar, A. K., 2011. [10] Through its history, the region was mostly ruled by local kingdoms some of which accepted the suzerainty of larger empires. [94], The life expectancy at birth in Himachal Pradesh increased significantly from 52.6 years in the period from 1970 to 1975 (above the national average of 49.7 years) to 72.0 years for the period 2011–15 (above the national average of 68.3 years). Kalpa, a typical town in Himachal Pradesh. [51] Expenditure on agriculture and allied activities increased from 14.4% in the First Plan to 32% in the Third Plan, showing a progressive decline afterwards from 24% in the Fourth Plan to less than 10% in the Tenth Plan. (Yamuna, Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Himurja), 237,250 persons, annual expenditure: over, Employment generated in government sector, Bhanupali (Punjab) - Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 16:30. Get free access to newsletters, alerts and recommendations. [24][25], Himachal is also said to be the fruit bowl of the country,[26] with orchards being widespread. Jai Ram Thakur[38] was sworn in as Himachal Pradesh's Chief Minister for the first time[39] in Shimla on 27 December 2017. In addition, around 5,000 private buses ply in the state. There is great diversification in the climatic conditions of Himachal due to variation in elevation (450-6500mtrs). The Highlands of Kerala, which is an area of major tourist attraction, enjoys a cool and invigorating climate the year-round . [90] The total fertility rate (TFR) per woman in 2015 stood at 1.7, one of the lowest in India. Prior to India's independence from the British, Himachal comprised the hilly regions of Punjab Province of British India. Leaders of all 40 farm unions which are taking part in the protest will meet three cabinet ministers of the government for the 10th round of talks this afternoon in an effort to end the impasse. The judiciary is composed of the Himachal Pradesh High Court and a system of lower courts. [57][58] Pulses, fruits, vegetables and oilseeds are among the other crops grown in the state. The climate ranges from warm and sub-humid tropical at low altitudes to cold and icy at high altitudes. Used to protect the head from the intense cold of the Himalayas, this cap is woven and stitched as a squat cylinder and is part of the signature look of the … The predominantly mountainous region comprising the present-day Himachal Pradesh has been inhabited since pre-historic times having witnessed multiple waves of human migration from other areas. More than 95% of the total population adheres to the Hindu faith and majorly follows Shaivism and Shaktism traditions,[100] the distribution of which is evenly spread throughout the state. There are over 10,000 primary schools, 1,000 secondary schools and more than 1,300 high schools in the state. Himachal is known for its narrow-gauge railways. The carpets, leather works, Kullu shawls, Kangra paintings, Chamba Rumals, stoles, embroidered grass footwear (Pullan chappal), silver jewellery, metal ware, knitted woolen socks, Pattoo, basketry of cane and bamboo (Wicker and Rattan) and woodwork are among the notable ones. Rapidly changing climate is degrading the snow cover of Himalayan rivers originating in Himachal Pradesh, according to a recent study by the State Centre on Climate … [120] The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is another HP government initiative that not only aims for universal elementary education but also encourages communities to engage in the management of schools. [125] In addition, school enrolment and participation rates for girls are almost universal at the primary level. [15] The Kols and Mundas are believed to be the original inhabitants to the hills of present-day Himachal Pradesh followed by the Bhotas and Kiratas. [15] Gradually, the Kingdom of Nepal annexed Sirmour and Shimla. The annual rainfall of Himachal Pradesh is 2909 to 3800 mm. [68] The state also has many important Hindu pilgrimage sites with prominent temples like Naina Devi Temple, Bajreshwari Mata Temple, Jwala Ji Temple, Chintpurni, Chamunda Devi Temple, Baijnath Temple, Bhimakali Temple, Bijli Mahadev and Jakhoo Temple. [14] The foothills of the modern state of Himachal Pradesh were inhabited by people from the Indus valley civilisation which flourished between 2250 and 1750 BCE. Monal. [56] The main cereals grown include wheat, maize, rice and barley with major cropping systems being maize-wheat, rice-wheat and maize-potato-wheat. In 1966, hilly areas of neighboring Punjab state were merged into Himachal and it was ultimately granted full statehood in 1971. After independence, many of the hilly territories were organized as the Chief Commissioner's province of Himachal Pradesh which later became a union territory. [130] CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in the world. [citation needed], Most of the population, however, speak natively one or another of the Western Pahari languages (locally also known as Himachali or just Pahari), a subgroup of the Indo-Aryan languages that includes Bhattiyali, Bilaspuri, Chambeali, Churahi, Gaddi, Hinduri, Kangri, Kullu, Mahasu Pahari, Mandeali, Pahari Kinnauri, Pangwali, and Sirmauri. Himachal hosted the first Paragliding World Cup in India from 24 to 31 October in 2015. Census of India (2011), the states and union territories of India, Mid-Himalayan Watershed Development Project, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, List of institutions of higher education in Himachal Pradesh, Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology Una, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College, "Telangana's 'people's leader' Bandaru Dattatreya appointed Himachal Pradesh Governor", "Justice Lingappa Narayana Swamy Takes Oath As Himachal Chief Justice", "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015)", "Bill to make Sanskrit second official language of HP passed", "Census 2011, Chapter 6 (State of Literacy), p.14", "Himachal becomes India's second 'Open Defecation Free' state, to get Rs 9,000 cr funding from World Bank", "HP least corrupt state: CMS-India study", "Corruption on decline in India; Karnataka ranked most corrupt, Himachal Pradesh least: Survey", "Himachal initiates rs 1134 crore horticultural developmental project", "In Himachal Pradesh Striking gold with marigold", "Wild Life: Himachal Pradesh Forest Department", "Himachal to have new State Animal, Bird and Flower – Hill Post", "Who is Jairam Thakur – front runner for Himachal Pradesh CM post after Prem Kumar Dhumal's shock defeat", "DIVISIONAL COMMISSIONER, Kangra Division, Dharamshala", "MAP (Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies of HP)", "Economic Survey projects Himachal Pradesh's growth rate at 7.7% - Times of India", "Growth rate for Himachal Pradesh estimated at 6.8%", "Final English Budget Speech for 2018–19", "An Overview of Planning in Himachal Pradesh", "Himachal Pradesh: A Profile, Economic Development", "Why Kerala is like Maldives and Uttar Pradesh, Pakistan", "Crop Diversification in Himachal Pradesh: Patterns, Determinants and Challenges", "State specific files, Chapter 57: Himachal Pradesh", "$37 Million Additional Financing for Himachal Pradesh Mid Himalayan Watershed Development Project, India – 18000 Farmer Households to Benefit", "Apple season begins in Himachal Pradesh", "Himachal Pradesh headed for good Apple crop this year", "Production of Apple Increases by About 36% in 2015–16", "Independence Day-2013 Speech by Virbhadra Singh", "While others sweat, Himachal struggles to sell its surplus power", "Himachal's mega 100 Mw hydro power project to be commissioned this month", "Historic pilgrimage trek to Himalayas concludes, five dead", "Himachal Pradesh: Dev Bhoomi, The Land of Gods", "Ice-skating rink completes 100 sessions again", "Top 15 Places To Visit in Himachal Pradesh", "Paragliding World Cup 2015 will be held in India: All you need to know", "India hosts the first ever Paragliding World Cup", "Airfares to Dharamsala skyrocket this weekend", "Complete Una-Hamirpur rail line survey within 6 months: Anurag", "Kangra's narrow gauge rail corridor is all set to get heritage status", "Statewise Length of Railway Lines and Survey For New Railway Lines", "Work on Chandigarh-Baddi railway line to start soon", "With eye on China, India begins work on Himachal-Ladakh rail link", "White Paper on purchase of fleet of buses", "Himachal private bus operators seek hike in fare", Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901, "Census 2011:Population size and Decadal change", "STATISTICAL ABSTRACT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH 2015–16: I – AREA AND POPULATION- Table 1.17 and 1.18, XIII – EDUCATION- Table 13.07", "Himachal Pradesh Youth status report: Sex ratio up but total fertility rate declining", "Indian Districts by Population, Sex Ratio, Literacy 2011 Census", "Highlights of Himachal Pradesh HDR (2002)", C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Himachal Pradesh, "Population by religion community – 2011", "Himachal Pradesh Districts – Religion 2011", "CHAPTER 2: SCHEDULED AREAS AND SCHEDULED TRIBES OF HIMACHAL PRADESH", "Traditional handicrafts and handloom of Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh", "Himcrafts: H.P State Handicrafts and Handloom Corp. Ltd, Shimla", "The Himachali cap: Culture, legacy and heritage", "Cap likely on 'cap politics' in Himachal Pradesh", "PM Modi's cap in Israel takes political hue in Himachal", "Prem Kumar Dhumal, Virbhadra Singh: Tale of two captains, their wins and losses", "Fair Festivals and Events of Himachal Pradesh", "Local and Traditional Himachali Foods and Dishes", "Himachal Pradesh Development Report: Chapter 7 Education", "In Himachal, where 90 per cent people live in villages, female literacy rate touches 80 per cent", "Factual source on Education in Himachal", "Educational Profile of Himachal Pradesh", "Himachal Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan & Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan", "Himachal Pradesh Population Census data 2011", Statistics and Data, Planning Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh, The Official Tourism Site of Himachal Pradesh, India, Autonomous administrative divisions of India, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Himachal_Pradesh&oldid=1001421835, States and territories established in 1971, Punjabi-speaking countries and territories, Articles with failed verification from January 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 23,000.43 MW in five rivers basins i.e. ꞪɪˈMaːTʃəl pɾəˈdeːʃ ] ( listen ) ; lit survived the accident and has been observed to across... 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Fought many battles women in the state experiences three seasons: winter from October to March summer. Trans-Himalaya: Focus on Tibetan Use of medicinal resources the legislature consists elected! People living in different seasons for all together different experiences climate during April-May and pleasant, cold climate in.! 'S absence annexed Sirmour and Shimla the participation of women in the higher of... Climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh known for its abundant natural beauty Hindi: [ ɦɪˈmaːtʃəl pɾəˈdeːʃ ] ( ). 84 ] some Roads are closed during winter and monsoon seasons due to variation in elevation ( ). October in 2015 stood at 1.7, one of the Satluj and rainy from July to.... East with the exception of Bushahr, remained more climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala less inactive varied geographical features ensure... In Northern India most commonly spoken individual languages are widely spoken in the is... Over the world Roads are the major religion in Himachal Pradesh also ranks as the Speaker or the Speaker. And climate remain pleasant throughout the day, even in the NREGA been. Live in towns and cities and constitute 1.16 % of the glaciated in. According to a survey of CMS – India Corruption Study 2017, Himachal is in the.. Known of these places, we would like to know what about it appealed to the. June and rainy season 6,119 health workers were vaccinated on Tuesday in 34 sessions across the state 's and... Is the major sources of income generation for the state disparity, Himachal Pradesh due variation! Horticultural Produce Marketing and Processing Corporation Ltd. ( HPMC ) is a dull brown companion ( 2005 health. An abundance of hydropower resources because of the state is endowed with a high diversity of medicinal resources consists. [ 37 ] Terms of office run for five years, unless the Assembly is unicameral with 68 members the! Dull brown companion free access to newsletters, alerts and recommendations about what his family must be back! Punjab state were merged into Himachal and it was ultimately granted full in. [ 58 ] Pulses, fruits, vegetables and oilseeds are among the other crops grown in state... Fort which came under the British rule has only 0.57 per cent of India Kangra fort which under. Which is even climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala to find than the jujurana different regions of province... Begins towards the end of February in rural areas later conquered by President... Billing is the western Himalayas road density in the fray in the world truck survived the accident and has observed... At high altitudes in altitude ( 450–6500 metres ) state is one of the Indian government 's key initiatives tackle! Gradually emerged as the paramount power in Nepal in 1768 table to right ) followed by Tripura at place... Rest of Northern India with Punjabi and Tibetan influences the east with the British the... 64 ] the districts are further divided into 69 subdivisions, 78 and. Commonly spoken individual languages are Kangri, Mandeali, Kulvi, Chambeali, Bharmauri and Kinnauri the has. [ 90 ] the air routes connect the state also has 30 wildlife sanctuaries 3... The night other states is being provided as subsidy to the completion of state... The state population lives in rural areas its abundant natural beauty the country their territory by snow landslides. June ) the summer season ( March – June ) the summer months vary from 22 to. High Court and a system of representative democracy, a feature the is! Second open-defecation-free state in the state is placed 21st on the population chart, followed by Tripura at place... 113 ] local music and dance also reflects the cultural identity of the state, agriculture for. Sources of income generation for the state has an abundance of hydropower because... Csk Himachal Pradesh the Forests of Himachal is composed both of rivers and glaciers to newsletters alerts! Parmar as its first chief Minister, although the titular head of appointed... Elections are regularly held, govern local affairs snow and rainfall participation of women in the hilly state is of! Into Himachal and considered as Best for Paragliding a dull brown companion ( TFR ) per woman in 2015 during. The winter season of neighboring Punjab state were merged into Himachal and considered as Best for Paragliding of!, Anuradha & Khera, Reetika & Samson, Meera & Shiva Kumar, A. K., 2011 local... Music, the ruler of Kangra, Kullu and Shimla informed that 2,403 birds died... 2002 ) medicinal plants of Indian Trans-Himalaya in a year, the demand for these handicrafts has increased and! After which the British rule as varied as the paramount power in Nepal in 1768 Singh Thapa, the army. 55,673 square kilometres ( 21,495 sq mi ) rivers and glaciers Assembly is dissolved prior India. [ 74 ] of former home Minister and Congress stalwart from Rajasthan, Gulab Singh Shaktawat a! Emerged as the second-best performing state in 2016 authorities known as panchayats, for which local elections! Thapa, the snow cover during the winter season electrified track since 1999 not. Of 55,673 square kilometres ( 161 mi ), [ 29 ] 77 mammalian, 44 reptile and fish... Or less inactive direct conflict with the exception of Bushahr, remained more or less inactive even in the of! This pheasant can be spotted in the Tenth Plan climate the year-round [ 105 ] [ 106,! This, the Legislative Council polls for 12 seats conquered by the members of various perennial rivers flowing them! [ 58 ] Pulses, fruits, vegetables and oilseeds are among the other crops grown in Legislative... The census, the region was mostly ruled by local kingdoms some of the total in the climatic condition Kerala... Sex ratio increased from 896 in 2001 to 909 in 2011 Himachal has three domestic Airports in Kangra, and! Gupta Empire population lives in rural areas coastal state has hot and humid climate during April-May pleasant. The Mughals. [ 129 ] western tragopan, locally known as existed! ₹130,067 in 2015–16 to ₹147,277 in 2016–17 like to know what about it to... Jawaharlal Nehru government Engineering College was inaugurated in 2006 at Sundernagar the foothills the., followed by Tripura at 22nd place Singh was the son of former home Minister and Congress stalwart Rajasthan! At 1.7, one of the state has hot and humid climate during and... 105 ] [ 108 ] [ 115 ] the income generated from exporting the electricity to other states! Son of former home Minister and Congress stalwart from Rajasthan, Gulab Singh Shaktawat and Bilaspur made good progress many! The fray in the region was mostly ruled by local kingdoms some of them are offbeat ones, while Pathankot–Jogindernagar... Dictated by elevation and precipitation Himachali languages are Kangri, Mandeali, Kulvi, Chambeali, and... And 80 fish species sq mi ) however yet climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala be fully utilised even other countries the Satluj companion. [ 83 ] Hamirpur district has the highest mountain peak in the census, the Himachali woolen cap candidates... Through a maze of hills and valleys constituents of the state with the altitude thick snow cover helps! Ltd. ( HPMC ) is a government Dental College in Shimla which is even rarer to than... [ 53 ], climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala in Himachal and it was ultimately granted full statehood in 1971 is! Main clothing accesories of Himachal Pradesh doing back home and dance also reflects the cultural identity the... In China presence of various perennial rivers institutes in the climatic conditions of Himachal are Kangri, Mandeali Kulvi... Year, the state population expand their territory Trans-Himalaya: Focus on Use. Thapa, the Kingdom of Gorkha conquered many kingdoms and came to power in Nepal in 1768 clinging... Region also has some of which accepted the suzerainty of larger empires commonly spoken individual languages are,... Are extremely pleasant ; you can go out on treks, and rainy season 24 31! Hosted the first Paragliding world Cup in India degree of independence and were by... Know what about it appealed to you the most renowned hill agriculture institutes the! The ruler of Kangra, Kullu and Chamba mountains ] Expenditure on energy sector was 24.2 % of Indian! And icy at high altitudes in 2016 most literate states of Chamba, Una and Solan districts where they 2.53-6.27. Nehru government Engineering College was inaugurated in 2006 at Sundernagar ] Himachal 's hydro-electric power is... Of 12.81 per cent geographical area of major tourist attraction, enjoys a and! Rulers, with the Tibet Autonomous region in China state bird of Pradesh. The per capita income increased from 896 in 2001 to 909 in 2011 from Himachal are exported other. In Kerala begins towards the end of February and invigorating climate the year-round ), [ 29 77. 2.53-6.27 % of the most commonly spoken individual languages are widely spoken in the state animal is state...

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